GLOSSARY

Words symbols and terminology explained in this glossary   either occur in the main text,or are of major importance when discussing chemical formulations.If accompanied by a figure in parenthesis this Will indicate the first page of the text in which this term or symbol has been used.Where possible they have been entered here in order of occurrence.

Some notes on Elements, Ions, Chemical Symbols, Positively and Negatively charged ions.


All known elements are represented by a chemical symbol . Sodium being expressed as Na,Calcium as Ca, Magnesium as Mg, and so forth
Atoms of these elements that have lost or gained one   or   more electrons are termed ions,their degree of charge being expressed by plus or minus indicators placed after the chemical symbol.Ions carrying opposite charges combine to form more stable   compounds known as salts.For example,Sodium and Chlorine combine to   form Sodium chloride and this reaction can be expressed as


Na+ + Cl- = NaCl.


However, when a mixture of different salts is introduced into a solution many of these bonds are relaxed to the extent that salts need no longer act as stable combinations.The solution becomes an ionic one. Seawater is such a dissociated mixture   of   variously charged ions.

 
OPEN OCEANIC WATERS

Water of the major oceans unaffected by land drainage,   (IU) the melting of the polar ice caps,the effect   of   off. - shore drift.Excluding areas such as the Baltic, English channel and North and Irish seas,etcetera.
 

  rFORMULA   A list of salts plus their weights from which a mixture resembling seawater can be made
 
  IONS
 
  See notes above
 
  DENSITY
 
  The Weight per unit volume of a substance at normal temperature and pressure
 (2 )
   
  
  COMPONENT SALTS
 
  Salts used to complete a formula
 
  CRITICAL RATIO
 
  The ratio of one type of ion to another.Critical ratios are those which,naturally,vary by very small amounts
 (3 )
  .
 
  ATOMIC WEIGHT
 
  The relative Weight of one atom of an element as compared with the weight of one atom of Hydrogen
 (4 }
  .
 
  I.U.P.A.C.(IUPAC)
 
  A recognised international body for the issue of atomic weight listings 
(4 )
   
  

Glossary of synthetic seawater terminology

HomeHome Acknowledgements Contents List Preface Table 1 Major ions Introduction History Composition Basic Chemistry The Report Knowles Formulae Lyman & Fleming Wiedermann-Kramer Clark 'A' + Segedi-Kelley Clark-Jennings Properties Appendix Glossary Bibliography Conversion Factors Abridged guide Other researchers The Calypso Organization

Keywords for this site include: Synthetic Seawaters for Aquaria and Laboratories, Oceanography, biology, marine aquarium water, seawaters, artificial seawater, chemistry, Laboratories, sea water, FORMULATION, formula, recipe, formulae,